I love it when I go to a bookstore and a book nearly leaps
off the shelf into my waiting arms. Such was the case with Andrea Mays’ The Millionaire and the Bard: "Henry Folger’s Obsessive Hunt for Shakespeare’s First
Folio." Who was Henry Folger and what was so important about the First Folio?
And why did reading this book -- a page-turning dual biography that reads more
like a detective story -- compel me to schedule a stop in Washington, DC on my
recent summer vacation?
In 1881 a young Henry Clay Folger got a job as a clerk at
Standard Oil. Over the years he worked his way up, eventually becoming President
and then Chairman of the Standard Oil Company of New York and John D.
Rockefeller’s right-hand man. Unlike other industrial titans of the Gilded Age,
Folger and his wife Emily lived modestly in a rented brownstone in the
Bedford-Stuyvesant area of Brooklyn and had no children. Both highly educated,
they shared a love of literature, and Shakespeare in particular.
One day in 1889, Henry walked into an auction house in
Manhattan and saw an original volume of Shakespeare’s Fourth Folio. Intrigued by the rather unremarkable specimen, he bid on
it and acquired the first item of what would grow to become a massive collection. It
would be a few years before he bought a coveted original First Folio.
The First Folio was an expensive labor of love compiled by
two of Shakespeare’s contemporaries, John
Heminges and Henry Condell, a few years after Shakespeare’s death.
Completed in 1623, only about 750 copies were printed. Of those, only about 235
are believed to have survived. It was the first time all of Shakespeare’s plays
had been printed, and as history has proven, it remains the only reliable source for many of them.
Yale University. Title page of the First Folio,
Book
& Manuscript Library, Yale University.
|
“To be, or not to be—that is the question:
Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles
And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep--
No more—“
Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles
And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep--
No more—“
Had it not been for the First Folio, we might have ended up
with this from the earlier 1603 “bad” quarto of Hamlet:
“To be, or not to be, Ay, there’s the point,
To Die, to sleepe, is that all? Ay, all:
No, to sleep to dreame, I mary there it goes.
For in that dreame of death, when wee awake,
And borne before an everlasting Judge,
From whence no passenger euer retur’nd
The undiscovered country, at whole sight
The happy smile and the Accursed damn’d.”
To Die, to sleepe, is that all? Ay, all:
No, to sleep to dreame, I mary there it goes.
For in that dreame of death, when wee awake,
And borne before an everlasting Judge,
From whence no passenger euer retur’nd
The undiscovered country, at whole sight
The happy smile and the Accursed damn’d.”
That’s how important the First Folio is.
Henry Folger eventually purchased 82 copies of the First
Folio, the centerpiece of his massive collection. The provenance of each copy and
even specific pages makes for compelling literary detective work.
Brenda Putnam. Puck. Marble. Dedicated, 1932. Courtesy of the Folger Shakespeare Library. |
And that’s why I had
to fit in a stop in DC on my recent vacation.
The Folger is open to the public for free and docent tours
are offered daily. An amusing highlight of the tour is the marble sculpture of
Puck by Brenda Putnam with the inscription “LORD, WHAT FOOLES THESE MORTALS BE!”
It used to grace the front of the library -- overlooking Congress! Unfortunately,
it had to be moved indoors, restored, and replaced with an aluminum casting
after losing one of its hands to repeated passes by skateboarders high-fiving the
raised arms of the kneeling sprite.
Click here to purchase The Millionaire and the Bard
Click here to purchase the Kindle version
Click here for more info on The Folger Shakespeare Library
Click here to purchase The Millionaire and the Bard
Click here to purchase the Kindle version
Click here for more info on The Folger Shakespeare Library
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